Jesus is Jehovah in the New Testament: Index

In my morning `quiet times' since January 2008, I have been

[Above (click to enlarge): Christ Pantokrator (Christ Almighty), Hagia Sophia, Istanbul: Icons Explained. The New Testament Greek word παντοκρατωρ, (pantokrator) is a compound of pas = all + kratos "rule," i.e. all-rule, and hence is translated "Almighty" in most English translations, e.g. of God 2Cor 6:18, Rev 4:8, 11:17, 15:3, 16:7, 16:14, 19:6, 19:15, 21:22 ; and also of Christ (Rev 1:8. cf. Rev 1:7,17, 2:8, 21:6, 22:13). That Jesus is now all-ruling, and therefore Almighty, is also taught in Mt 28:18; Jn 17:2; Acts 10:36; 1Cor 15:27; Eph 1:20-22; Php 2:9-10; Dn 7:13-14. See supporting `tagline' quotes below (original emphasis italics, my emphasis bold).]

pursuing a study of every verse in the New Testament which indicates that Jesus is Jehovah, i.e. the Lord Jesus Christ in the New Testament is, in His pre-incarnate Divine nature, Jehovah (Heb. Yahweh) of the Old Testament. I have then been, usually day-by-day, adding each verse or verses to my web page Jesus is Jehovah (Gospels & Acts)!

---

Jesus is Jehovah in:

Mt, Mk, Lk, Jn, Ac, Rom, 1Cor, 2Cor, Gal, Eph, Php, Col, 1Th, 2Th, 1Tim, 2Tim, Tit, Phm, Heb, Jas, 1Pet, 2Pet, 1Jn, 2Jn, 3Jn, Jude, Rev.

---

I had been thinking that I would have to wait to the end of the study in several years time, to post the results here on my Jesus is Jehovah! blog in my book outline Jesus is Jehovah!. Then I suddenly realised that I could post the results by each New Testament book! And progressively of each New Testament book that I was currently studying.

So above is my index to each New Testament book I have and will study over time. I have already studied the four gospels and am currently studying Acts. However, after that I may study each New Testament book in chronological order.

I will post my study of each book in a separate page and then it will be hyperlinked from this index. If there is no link, then I have not yet posted that page. For very short books, e.g. 2Jn and 3Jn, I will probably post a combined page. Once a page for a book (or books) has been posted, I will not post it again but just update it, with an indication on this index page. Since my Jesus is Jehovah! web page is becoming large and to avoid doubling-up, when I have caught up with it here, I may cease doing it and this series of blog pages will become my Jesus is Jehovah, verse-by-verse, study.

That the Lord Jesus Christ is revealed in the New Testament as being Jehovah (Heb. Yahweh) of the Old Testament come in the flesh, does not preclude the other two Persons of the Holy Trinity (Mt 28:19; 2Cor 13:14; 1Pet 1:2): the Father (Dt 32:6; Isa 63:16; 64:8; Mal 1:6) and the Holy Spirit (Lk 4:18 = Isa 61:1; Acts 5:3-4,9; 2Cor 3:17), also being, as revealed in the New Testament, Jehovah: the one Triune God.

Unless otherwise indicated, the Bible translation will be the American Standard Version (1901), because it translated the Heb. Yahweh as "Jehovah," rather than "LORD" as in most other English Bible translations.

The next post in this series is the first in it: "Jesus is Jehovah in Matthew!"

Stephen E. Jones.
My other blogs: CreationEvolutionDesign & The Shroud of Turin

---

"In the New Testament the term theos takes the place of El, Elohim, and Elyon. The names Shaddai and El-Shaddai are rendered pantokrator, the almighty [Rev 1:8], [kurios pantokrator Lord almighty (2Cor 6:18)] and theos pantokrator [Rev 4:8; 11:17; 15:3; 16:7; 16:14 ;19:6; 21:22], God almighty. Sometimes the Lord [Jesus] is called the Alpha and the Omega (Rev. 1:8), who is and who was and who is to come (Rev. 1:4), the first and the last (Rev. 2:8), and the beginning and the end (Rev. 21:6)." (Thiessen, H.C. & Doerksen, V.D., 1979, "Lectures in Systematic Theology," [1949], Eerdmans: Grand Rapids MI, Revised, pp.24-25).

"Alpha and Omega, Beginning and End, First and Last When we say that Jesus is it `from A to Z,' we have in mind especially some of the titles of Jesus found in the last book of the Bible, the book of Revelation. Revelation uses three titles that mean the same thing: `the Alpha and the Omega' (to alpha kai to o), referring to the first and last letters of the Greek alphabet; `the first and the last'; and `the beginning and the end:' None of these titles occurs elsewhere in the New Testament. The title the first and the last clearly originates at least in part from Isaiah, in which the Lord insists that he is the only God: `I, the LORD, the first, and with the last; I am he.... I am the first and I am the last; besides me there is no god.... I am he; I am the first, and I am the last' (Isa. 41:4; 44:6; 48:12 ESV). In the context of Isaiah's prophecies, the Lord [Jesus] is asserting in these statements that he is the one in control of Israel's future and that God's people have a sure hope of restoration." (Bowman, R. M., 2007, Jr. & Komoszewski, J.E., "Putting Jesus In His Place," Kregel: Grand Rapids MI, pp.177-179. Emphasis original).

"Beyond controversy, Revelation applies the title the first and the last to Jesus, who explicitly claims it for himself. `Don't be afraid! I am the First and the Last, and the Living One. I was dead, but look-I am alive forever and ever, and I hold the keys of death and Hades' (1:17b-18 HCSB). `The First and the Last, the One who was dead and came to life, says [this]' (2:8 HCSB). In the context of John's visions, Jesus is asserting in these statements that by his death and resurrection he has conquered death, and is assuring his people of their future resurrection and vindication in the age to come. Thus, the title the first and the last has a religious significance in Revelation that is parallel to that in Isaiah." (Bowman & Komoszewski, 2007, p.179).

"Some interpreters deny that Revelation also applies the titles the beginning and the end and the Alpha and the Omega to Jesus, noting that these titles apply explicitly in the book to the Lord God Almighty (Rev. 1:8; 21:6). Near the end of the book, however, both titles appear alongside the title the first and the last, which we already know belongs to Jesus. `Look! I am coming quickly, and My reward is with Me to repay each person according to what he has done. I am the Alpha and the Omega, the First and the Last, the Beginning and the End. (Rev. 22:12-13 HCSB)' The speaker's statement, `I am coming quickly,' is the second of three such declarations in the closing lines of the book (Rev. 22:7, 20).. The third very clearly is Jesus speaking: `He who testifies about these things says, `Yes, I am coming quickly.' Amen! Come Lord Jesus!' (22:20 HCSB). Jesus also had said earlier in the book that he is coming to bring judgment on the unfaithful and reward for the faithful (2:16; 3:11). Elsewhere Jesus also warns that he is the one who will repay people according to what they have done (2:23; cf 20:13). Thus, the speaker in Revelation 22:12-13 declares that he is coming quickly, that he will repay people according to what they have done, and that he is the first and the last-all of which the book explicitly says about Jesus. In view of these contextual elements, and the fact that `the Alpha and the Omega' and `the beginning and the end' are obviously synonymous with `the first and the last,' we conclude that the book does assign these titles to Jesus." (Bowman & Komoszewski, 2007, pp.179-180).

"If we read the first occurrence of the title the Alpha and the Omega in this light, we find further confirmation of its application to Jesus: `Look! He is coming [erchetai] with the clouds, and every eye will see Him, including those who pierced Him. And all the families of the earth will mourn over Him. This is certain. Amen. `I am the Alpha and the Omega,' says the Lord God, `the One who is, who was, and who is coming [ho erchomenos], the Almighty.' (Rev. 1:7-8 HCSB) Verse 7, as everyone agrees, refers to Jesus as `coming.' Then God states in the next verse that he is the one who is `coming:' In light of the later references to Jesus using the title the Alpha and the Omega and synonymous titles, it would seem clear enough that verse 8 is identifying Jesus as God Almighty." (Bowman & Komoszewski, 2007, p.180).

"There is something else about the title `the first and the last' that we should notice. When John introduces this description of Jesus, it is actually a three-part title: `I am the First and the Last and the Living One' (1:17b-18a, our translation). In form and meaning, this three-part title is synonymous with another title of deity in the book of Revelation: `the one who is and the one who was and the one who is to come' (Rev. 1:4, 8, authors' translation).' Both titles express the lordship of the one to whom they apply from three temporal perspectives: past ('the First'; `the one who was'), present ('the Living One'; `the one who is'), and future ('the Last'; `the one who is coming'). In Jesus, though, God's everlasting existence is seen not as static, unperturbed, or remote, but as fully engaged in our own life-and-death struggle: the everlasting one, the first and the last, is the living one on our behalf through his death and triumphant resurrection (1:18). The ungrammatical wording of the three-part title in Revelation 1:4, 8 (literally, `the being and the was and the coming'!) reveals such dynamic involvement in time and history to be true to the very nature of God." (Bowman & Komoszewski, 2007, p.180).

"We also should note that the title the one who is and the one who was and the one who is coming is likely a covert form or interpretation of the Old Testament divine name YHWH, or Jehovah. The first part of this title, `the One who is,' is identical to the Greek translation of God's explanation of his name in Exodus 3:14 ... Also suggesting that God's self-description in Revelation 1:8 is a self-description of Jesus Christ is the third element, `the one who is coming:' This Greek expression, ho erchomenos, is a messianic title found in all four Gospels (Matt. 11:3; 21:9; 23:39; Mark 11:9; Luke 7:19,20; 13:35; 19:38; John 6:14; 12:13; see also Heb. 10:37). [The title evidently derives from Psalm 118:26, which all four Gospels quote.] The evident application to Jesus of this three-part title of God in Revelation 1:8, and the parallel three-part divine title of Jesus in Revelation 1:17-18, recalls another threefold description of Jesus: `Jesus Christ is the same yesterday and today and forever' (Heb. 13:8). This description of Jesus would seem to be yet another affirmation of his unchanging, divine presence throughout time, and in which we hear another echo of God's self-description in Exodus." (Bowman & Komoszewski, 2007, pp.180-181, 343n).

"The Christology of the Revelation, when compared with that of other writings of the New Testament, is `advanced'. Constantly the attributes of God are ascribed to Christ, as in the opening vision of the first chapter, which is significantly a vision of Christ and not of God. The lineaments of the risen Lord are those of the Ancient of Days and of his angel in the book of Daniel (chs. 7 and 10). Christ is confessed as Alpha and Omega (22:13), as God is also (1:8)." (Beasley-Murray, G.R., 1978, "The Book of Revelation," [1974], New Century Bible Commentary, Eerdmans: Grand Rapids MI, Revised edition, Reprinted, 1983, p.24).

"Book ... Time of Writing (A.D.) ... Galatians [#2] ... 49, just after Paul's 1st missionary journey ... 1 Thessalonians [#3] ... 50-51, during the 2nd missionary journey ... 2 Thessalonians [#5] ... 50-51, during the 2nd missionary journey ... 1 Corinthians [#4] ... 54, during the 3rd missionary journey ... 2 Corinthians [#7] ... 55, during the 3rd missionary journey ... Romans [#8] ... 55, during the 3rd missionary journey ... James [#9] ... 40s or 50s ... Mark [#6] ... late 50s or early 60s ... Philemon [#10] ... 60 ... Colossians [#11] ... 60 ... Ephesians [#12] ... 60 ... Luke [#13] ... 60 ... Acts [#14] ... 61 ... Philippians [#15] ... 61 ... 1 Timothy [#16] ... 62 ... Titus [#17] ... 62 ... 2 Timothy [#18] ... 63 ... 1 Peter [#19] ... 63 ... 2 Peter [#20] ... 63-64 ... Matthew [#1] ... 60s ... Hebrews [#21] ... 60s ... Jude [#22] ... 60s or 70s ... John [#23] ... late 80s or early 90s ... 1 John [#24] ... late 80s or early 90s ... 2 John [#25] ... late 80s or early 90s ... 3 John [#25] ... late 80s or early 90s ... Revelation [#26] ... late 80s or early 90s ... " (Gundry, R.H., 1970, "A Survey of the New Testament," Paternoster: Exeter UK, pp.384-385).